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Bloody Island Massacre
The Bloody Island Massacre (also called the Clear Lake Massacre) occurred on an island called in the Pomo language, ''Bo-no-po-ti'' or ''Badon-napo-ti'' (Island Village), at the north end of Clear Lake, Lake County, California, on May 15, 1850.〔(Clear Lake's First People. ) (pdf file) ''Habematolel Pomo of Upper Lake.'' (retrieved 27 Feb 2009)〕〔Key, Karen. (Bloody Island (Bo-no-po-ti). ) ''The Historical Marker Database.'' 18 June 2007 (retrieved 27 Feb 2009)〕 It was a place where the Pomo had traditionally gathered for the spring fish spawn. After this event, it became known as Bloody Island.
==Background==
A number of Pomo, primarily members living in the Big Valley area, had been enslaved, interned, and severely abused by settlers Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone.〔https://www.academia.edu/5539505/The_Kelsey_Brothers_A_California_Disaster Dr. John Parker's 2012 review of the various accounts of the incident.〕 (The town of Kelseyville, California was named after the former man.) Kelsey and Stone purchased cattle running free in Big Valley from Salvador Vallejo in 1847. They captured and impressed local Pomo to work as ''vaqueros'' (cowboys). They also forced them to build them a permanent shelter with promises for rations that were not kept. Because they made a residence there their treatment of the Pomo was more brutal than had been Vallejo's, though the massacred Pomos at Anderson Island might have argued that point. The people were eventually confined to a village surrounded by a stockade and were not allowed weapons or fishing implements. Families starved on the meager rations they provided, only four cups of wheat a day for a family. When one young man asked for more wheat for his sick mother, Stone reportedly killed him.〔(Elizabeth Larson, "Bloody Island atrocity remembered at Saturday ceremony" ), ''Lake County News'', 13 May 2007 (retrieved 27 Feb 2009)〕 In the fall of 1849, Kelsey forced 50 Pomo men to work as laborers on a second gold-seeking expedition to the Placer gold fields. Kelsey became ill with malaria and sold the rations to other miners. The Pomo starved, and only one or two men returned alive.〔They also captured all the Pomo from the Scotts Valley village and forced both camps to march to Sonoma and build the Vallejo hacienda that exists today. Gradually those people made their way home.(Richerson, Pete and Scott Richerson. "Bloody Island" ), in ''Putah and Cache: A Thinking Mammal's Guide to the Watershed'', ed. Amy J. Boyer, Jan Goggans, Daniel Leroy,
David Robertson, and Rob Thayer, University of California, Davis, 2001 (retrieved 27 Feb 2009)〕
Stone and Kelsey regularly forced the Pomo parents to bring their daughters to them to be sexually abused. If they refused they were whipped mercilessly. A number of them died from that abuse. Both men indentured and abused the Pomo women. The starving Pomo became so desperate that
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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